Evolution of food e-commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic
Investment brief analysing the surge of food e-commerce during COVID-19
DescriptionOverview of the initiative and its approach.
The resource entitled “Evolution of food e-commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic” is an FAO investment brief that analyzes the rapid surge of online food purchasing and its implications for fresh fruits and vegetables (FFV) retail. The resource highlights the emergence of new actors, services and business models such as quick-commerce and omnichannel strategies and provides policy recommendations and investment priorities for sustainable integration of e-commerce into urban food systems while minimizing socioeconomic and environmental risks.
TechnologyTechnology used by the initiative.
The resource discusses digital platforms, mobile applications, and cloud-based systems enabling online food purchasing, home delivery, click & collect, and hyperlocal logistics. It emphasizes the role of micro-fulfilment centres, dark stores, and integrated supply chain technologies in supporting rapid delivery and omnichannel retail models.
TargetUsers, groups, or communities targeted by the initiative.
The brief targets policymakers, urban authorities, private sector retailers, delivery service providers, and smallholder farmers seeking to adapt to e-commerce trends and integrate sustainable practices into food distribution systems.
Business modelHow the initiative delivers and sustains its value.
The resource is publicly available and free of charge as part of FAO’s knowledge products, supported by donor partnerships, and has received over 5 000 downloads as of December 2025.
ImpactThe observed or intended effects of the initiative.
The brief aims to guide investments and policies that enable resilient, inclusive and environmentally sustainable food e-commerce systems. It addresses challenges such as traffic congestion, packaging waste, and risks to SMEs, while promoting innovation, green logistics, and fair competition in urban food distribution. Lastly, the brief urges concentrated and coordinated efforts by the public and private sectors alike, to support the sustainable and efficient development of food e-commerce to improve the resiliency of urban food distribution systems.
PartnersOrganizations and stakeholders involved in the initiative.
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
Four BettersThe FAO Four Betters supported by the initiative.
Better environment
Better life
