Global Surface Water Explorer (GSWE)
Virtual time machine mapping the location and distribution of global surface water
DescriptionOverview of the initiative and its approach.
The Global Surface Water Explorer is a dataset that maps the location and temporal distribution of global water surfaces, and provides statistics on the extent of any changes to those water surfaces (especially from 1984 to 2021).
TechnologyTechnology used by the initiative.
The dataset, produced from Landsat imagery, supports applications related to water resource management, climate modelling and biodiversity conservation. Almost 4 million Landsat satellite images covering the entire planet are used to show changes in global surface water over time, while 40 000 validation samples are verified visually. The data presented by the Global Surface Water Explorer are generated from 4 716 475 images taken by Landsat 5 and 7. Each pixel is individually classified as either water or non-water by an expert system and the results are collated into a monthly history for the entire period in two epochs (1984–1999, 2000–2021) for the identification of change.
TargetUsers, groups, or communities targeted by the initiative.
The main users of Global Surface Water Explorer are researchers and policymakers.
Business modelHow the initiative delivers and sustains its value.
All data are produced under the Copernicus Programme and are provided free of charge, without restriction of use.
ImpactThe observed or intended effects of the initiative.
Providing a long-term history of global surface water, the Explorer allows an understanding of the consequences of climate change and past decisions, and serves as a source of data for those involved in water management, climate modelling, biodiversity conservation and food security. The GSWE dataset has been officially endorsed by the United Nations as the official data source for mapping progress towards target 6.6 (Ecosystems) of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
PartnersOrganizations and stakeholders involved in the initiative.
UN Environment Programme; Google
Four BettersThe FAO Four Betters supported by the initiative.
Better environment
