Evolution of food e-commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic
Investment brief analysing the surge of food e-commerce during COVID-19
Description
The resource entitled “Evolution of food e-commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic” is an FAO investment brief that analyzes the rapid surge of online food purchasing and its implications for fresh fruits and vegetables (FFV) retail. The resource highlights the emergence of new actors, services and business models such as quick-commerce and omnichannel strategies and provides policy recommendations and investment priorities for sustainable integration of e-commerce into urban food systems while minimizing socioeconomic and environmental risks.
Technology
The resource discusses digital platforms, mobile applications, and cloud-based systems enabling online food purchasing, home delivery, click & collect, and hyperlocal logistics. It emphasizes the role of micro-fulfilment centres, dark stores, and integrated supply chain technologies in supporting rapid delivery and omnichannel retail models.
Target
The brief targets policymakers, urban authorities, private sector retailers, delivery service providers, and smallholder farmers seeking to adapt to e-commerce trends and integrate sustainable practices into food distribution systems.
Business model
The resource is publicly available and free of charge as part of FAO’s knowledge products, supported by donor partnerships, and has received over 5 000 downloads as of December 2025.
Impact
The brief aims to guide investments and policies that enable resilient, inclusive and environmentally sustainable food e-commerce systems. It addresses challenges such as traffic congestion, packaging waste, and risks to SMEs, while promoting innovation, green logistics, and fair competition in urban food distribution. Lastly, the brief urges concentrated and coordinated efforts by the public and private sectors alike, to support the sustainable and efficient development of food e-commerce to improve the resiliency of urban food distribution systems.
Partners
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
Four Betters
Better environment
Better life
